Automatic Fire Detection & Suppression System(Arduino Uno | Embedded + Safety System)

Project Overview

This system automatically detects fire using flame & smoke sensors and activates a water pump to suppress it.
At the same time, it triggers an alarm and can send alerts (optional GSM/IoT).

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⚙️ Working Principle

1. Sensors continuously monitor environment

2. Fire or smoke detected

3. Arduino processes sensor data

4. Water pump ON automatically

5. Buzzer alert ON

6. Fire suppressed

7. System resets after safe condition

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🧠 Block Diagram (Text)

Flame Sensor   Gas Sensor
      |             |
      └───────┬─────┘
              |
        Arduino Uno
        |     |     |
     Buzzer  Relay  LCD
                |
           Water Pump

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🔧 Components Required

Component	Quantity
Arduino Uno	1
Flame Sensor	1
MQ-2 Gas/Smoke Sensor	1
Relay Module (5V)	1
Water Pump (DC)	1
Buzzer	1
16x2 LCD (optional)	1
Power Supply	1
Jumper Wires	As required

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🔌 Pin Connections

Flame Sensor

Flame Sensor	Arduino
DO	D2
VCC	5V
GND	GND

MQ-2 Gas Sensor

MQ-2	Arduino
AO	A0
VCC	5V
GND	GND

Relay + Pump

Arduino	Relay
D8	IN
5V	VCC
GND	GND

Pump connects via relay COM & NO

Buzzer

Arduino	Buzzer
D9	+
GND	-

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🔁 Flowchart

1. Start

2. Read flame & smoke sensor

3. Fire detected?

4. Yes → Pump ON + Buzzer ON

5. No → Continue monitoring

6. Reset after safe condition

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🧾 Arduino Code (Full Working)

int flamePin = 2;
int gasPin = A0;
int relayPin = 8;
int buzzerPin = 9;

int gasThreshold = 400;

void setup() {
  pinMode(flamePin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);

  digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Pump OFF
  digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);

  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int flame = digitalRead(flamePin);
  int gasValue = analogRead(gasPin);

  Serial.print("Gas: ");
  Serial.println(gasValue);

  if (flame == LOW || gasValue > gasThreshold) {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);   // Pump ON
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH); // Alarm ON
  } else {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH);  // Pump OFF
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);  // Alarm OFF
  }

  delay(500);
}

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